I want to find a human-logic in video settings

If you are fussing about matching codecs then you are basically thinking about it wrong due to the way multitrack video editing and video compression works. See this post in our FAQ on the subject:

as for me it should be only one slider

You chose to delve into the Advanced settings to reveal very many options. Your Shotcut Export Frames/sec does not match the value in Explorer Properties. Settings > Video Mode > Automatic exists precisely to match “video settings.”

Why it get so much data rate?

Because you set the quality % too high.

Why shotcut require to convert video to Edit-friendly if I can edit it anyway without converting?

It does not require it as you already know you can skip it. We must warn users of potentially problematic sources. However, the threshold is simple, and we cannot figure out how bad the potential problem is without some additional engineering that would make you wait probably at least the duration of whatever you imported to do analysis. Why do you ask about something for which you already have the answer (the dialog tells you) and know you can skip? If you want to ignore the dialog because you are confident it works for you, you can, and that is why I designed it to be dismissable.